Computer Networks

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   OSI Reference Model | 7 layers

Introduction of OSI Reference Model

The OSI Model was developed by the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). OSI stands for Open System Interconnection. There are seven layers in this model. OSI model is developed after the TCP/IP Model. 



Physical Layer

The physical Layer is the lowest layer of the OSI Model. It coordinates the function required to transmit a bit stream over a communication channel. The physical layer is responsible for the movements of individual bits from one hop (node) to the next. It deals with the electric and mechanic specification interface and transmission media. 

Data - Link Layer

The Data-Link layer transmits frames from one node to the next. It transforms the physical layer into a reliable link making it an error-free link to the upper layer.

Network Layer
The Network Layer is responsible for the delivery of packets from the source to the destination. It provides host-to-host delivery. In the case of the data link layer, the packet is delivered on the same network. If two different networks are connected then the packet is concerned with the network. 

Transport Layer

The Transport Layer is responsible for the delivery of messages from one process to another. The network does the host to the destination of delivery of individual packets considering it as an independent packet. However, the transport layer ensures that the whole message arrives intact and in order with error and process control. 

Session Layer

The Session Layer is responsible for the network dialogue controller i.e., it establishes and synchronizes the interaction between communication systems. 

Presentation Layer

This layer is concerned with data representation. The presentation layer deals with the syntax and semantics of the information being exchanged. It is also responsible for translation, compression and encryption. 

Application Layer

Application Layer is nearest to the user. The application layer provides services to the user. It is responsible for accessing the network by the user. It provides user interfaces and other supporting services such as e-mail, remote file access, file transfer, sharing database etc...

Hope you get to know what OSI Model is and it's functionalities. For more interesting and wisdom blogs, do like and share it with everyone. 




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